Introduction

Upper secondary education in North Macedonia comprises general secondary education (gymnasiums) and vocational education and training (VET), both provided at ISCED level 3. In addition, post-secondary non-tertiary education (ISCED level 4 / NQF Level V) is offered within the vocational education and training system.

Upper secondary education is accessible to students who have completed primary and lower secondary education. It is compulsory and free of charge in the public secondary schools. The Ministry of Education and Science is responsible for policy and regulation, supported by the Bureau for Development of Education, the Vocational Education and Training Center, and the State Examination Centre. Municipalities are involved in planning and organising the school network

General secondary education is organised as a four-year programme and is primarily oriented towards preparing students for higher education. Vocational education and training is offered through two-, three- and four-year programmes, combining general education with vocational and practical training.

Vocational education plays a dominant role in upper secondary education. In the 2025/2026 school year, around 70% of students are enrolled in vocational programmes.The system also realizes plans and programs for secondary art education and secondary education for students with special educational needs.

Recent reforms have focused on strengthening vocational education and training. These include the introduction of modular curricula, expansion of dual education and increased cooperation between schools and companies. Work-based learning is an integral part of vocational programmes.

At the end of upper secondary education, students may take different types of final examinations, including the State Matura and the State Vocational Matura, depending on the type of programme.

Post-secondary non-tertiary education is provided within vocational schools and Regional Centres for Vocational Education and Training. It is regulated by the Concept for Post-Secondary Education (2025) and aims to provide specialised competences and improve employability.

Sources: Ministry of Education and Science; Law on Vocational Education and Training; Concept for Post-Secondary Education (2025).