The Republic of Moldova, located in Eastern Europe, is a landlocked country that lies to the northeast of the Balkan Peninsula. It shares borders with Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. Moldova has a total area of 33,843 km2 and a population of about 2.4 million as of January 2024. Moldova is a parliamentary democratic republic, with its capital city in Chișinău which is also the biggest town in Moldova, acting as its commercial and cultural hub.

Moldova declared independence from the Soviet Union on 27 August 1991 and adopted its Constitution in 1994, establishing a parliamentary republic with a clear separation of powers. The president serves as the head of state, and the prime minister serves as the head of government. Since 2014, Moldova has been pursuing membership in the European Union, achieving candidate status in June 2022 and commencing accession negotiations in December 2023.

Moldova has been a full member of the Bologna Process / European Higher Education Area since 2005. Key reforms in this respect included the restructuring of higher education programmes into three cycles—Bachelor, Master, and Doctoral—as well as the adoption of the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS). These changes facilitated academic mobility for students and education staff, enabling seamless credit recognition and enhancing opportunities for international collaboration and exchange.

The education system in Moldova is structured to provide full-cycle training, preparing students for various professional and academic paths. As of the academic year 2023/24, the country had 1,201 primary and secondary schools, 88 vocational schools, and 21 higher education institutions, with a total of 437,100 pupils and students. The literacy rate among the population aged 15 and over was of 99.2% (2018).