Public education at all levels is mainly financed by the government, either directly or through allotments to Local Authorities or Local School Boards (Σχολικές Εφορείες). Private institutions mainly raise their funds through tuition fees. 

Receiving external money is not permitted for public schools in the pre-primary, primary and secondary level of education. Their only source of finance is the national budget and the management of school assets and property by the respective Local School Boards. Public universities may receive gifts, grants and funding from outside sources other than the national budget. Private institutions at all levels are not in any way restricted from receiving external funding.

Financial Statistics of Education
Public expenditure in all levels of education amounted to €1.599,2 million in 2023, accounting to 12,1% of the government budget and 4,9% of the gross domestic product.
The corresponding figures for the financial year 2022 amounted to €1.445,9 million, accounting to 12,9% of the government budget and 4,9% of the gross domestic product.
The cost per student for public education in 2023 measured, in terms of current public expenditure, €6.413 for pre-school and pre-primary, €8.975 for primary, €13.232 for secondary general, €15.692 for secondary vocational and €15.084 for tertiary education.
The corresponding current public expenditure per student for public education in 2022 was €5.770 for pre-school and pre-primary, €8.082 for primary, €12.026 for secondary general, €14.361 for secondary vocational and €13.591 for tertiary education.