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Eurydice

EACEA National Policies Platform:Eurydice
National reforms in general school education
Spain

Spain

13.Ongoing reforms and policy developments

13.2National reforms in general school education

Last update: 27 March 2026

2026

New regulation of educational inspection

In February 2026, Royal Decree 68/2026 was adopted, regulating educational inspection in Spain and updating the organisation and functioning of this service within the education system.

The aim of the regulation is to strengthen the role of educational inspection in supervision, guidance and support for schools, thereby contributing to improving the quality and equity of the education system.

The Royal Decree also regulates aspects such as the functions of inspectors, their training and evaluation, as well as the organisation of inspection services by the education authorities.

In addition, it establishes the system of access to the Corps of Education Inspectors. To apply, candidates must be career civil servants belonging to a teaching body and must demonstrate a minimum of eight years’ teaching experience. The selection process includes a competitive examination, assessment of merits and a probationary period with specific training.

2025

Emergency Training Plan in Non-University Educational Centres

In June 2025, a mandatory civil protection emergency training plan was approved for all pupils in non-university educational centres. Its implementation will begin in the 2025/2026 academic year.

The aim is to ensure that students and teaching staff know how to act in risk situations, ranging from floods or earthquakes to fires or technological accidents.

Each school year, specific hours will be devoted to this training (a minimum of two hours in pre-primary and primary education, and four hours in secondary, upper secondary and vocational education). The content will be adapted to each educational stage, with special attention given to people with disabilities and vulnerable groups.

In addition, teachers, civil protection staff and volunteers will receive specialised training. To support this process, a repository of accessible materials has been created in several official languages, available online: Repositorio de recursos (Resource repository).

The full cost of the plan will be covered by the competent ministries, with no additional funding required from the autonomous communities.

Regulation to Promote Healthy and Sustainable Eating in Schools

In April 2025, Royal Decree 315/2025 (Real Decreto 315/2025), was published with the aim of improving school meals and promoting healthier and more environmentally sustainable eating habits. The new regulation will enter into force in April 2026.

In particular, the decree establishes minimum nutritional quality and sustainability criteria to be applied in the contracting of food and beverage services and supplies in schools, as well as requirements for the planning of school menus.

The new regulation applies to centres offering different educational stages, including all those providing primary and secondary education (compulsory secondary education and upper secondary education).

Authorities will carry out official inspections, in the manner and frequency they deem necessary, to ensure compliance with the provisions of this royal decree. If the rules are not respected, the administration may impose penalties. Under no circumstances may these measures result in an increase in the cost of school meals for families.

Programme for Emotional Well-being in the educational field

The Programme for Emotional Well-being in the educational field was approved by means of a Resolution in September 2024 for its implementation in the academic year 2024/2025. This resolution included the distribution of 5 000 000 euros to be spread out among the autonomous communities, which will manage these funds to implement the actions in the programme. 

This Programme for Emotional Well-being in the educational field is designed in accordance with the lines of the National Mental Health Strategy, with the aim of helping to cover the care needs that students may have in the fields of emotional well-being and mental health from the perspective of educational intervention.

The objectives of the Programme are:

  • To promote among teachers, management teams, guidance teams and educational inspection teams specific training in literacy and indicators in emotional well-being and mental health that contribute to the early identification of new cases and to the creation of a positive and safe school environment.
  • To encourage training that contributes to intervention based on good practices in childhood and adolescence care, and in the respect of the fundamental rights of children and teenagers.
  • To facilitate the knowledge, among teachers, management teams, guidance teams and educational inspection teams, regarding the active protocols for the transfer of students at risk to primary mental health care services.
  • To promote the dissemination of good practices that serve to foster the emotional well-being of students and to monitor mental health cases in the educational environment, to mitigate the possible effects on the academic, personal and social development of students and to combat stigma.
  • To disseminate actions to raise awareness and prevent ICT abuse in childhood and adolescence and addictive behaviours with and without substances.
  • To encourage community intervention in the field of mental health and development of emotional well-being, providing connections between professionals in schools, health centres and local groups that support children and young people.
  • To develop and disseminate materials and tools that contribute to the training and information of the educational community on emotional well-being and mental health.
  • To increase human resources in school support and guidance sections and departments, taking into account the peculiarities and differences in the structures of each regional educational administration, aimed at intervention in the promotion of students' emotional well-being and mental health.

2024

Ministry of Education announces extension of PROA+ school reinforcement programme until 2028

The Pogramme for Reinforcement, Guidance and Support (PROA+) will be extended up until 2028. Over 3 600 schools all over the country take part in this reinforcement programme aimed at improving the educational outcomes of students who have most difficulties.

The PROA+ programme has proved to be an effective tool for the transformation of schools, especially those with a higher rate of vulnerable students. This is the reason why it will be extended to 2028 with an annual funding of 105 million euros from the European Social Fund. 

In total, 420 million euros will be invested for most vulnerable students to improve their results, as well as to reduce early school dropout and excessive school repetition. With programmes such as PROA+, the early school dropout rate has decreased by 10 percentage points over the last few years, shifting from 23.6% in 2013 to 13.6% in 2023.

Regulation for Mobile Phone Use

In January 2024, the State School Council unanimously approved the Spanish Government's proposal to regulate the use of mobile phones in educational institutions during the school year. This entails a series of recommendations and conclusions, such as zero mobile phone use in both Early Childhood and Primary Education. Additionally, these devices must remain turned off throughout the school hours in Secondary Education, and only allowed to be used if the teacher deems it necessary for a specific educational activity. However, exceptions are considered for reasons of health, safety, or special needs.

Mathematics and Reading Comprehension Reinforcement Plan

In January 2024, the Spanish Government launched the Mathematics and Reading Comprehension Reinforcement Plan, benefiting over five million students in Primary, Compulsory Secondary Education (ESO), Basic Vocational Training (FP Básica), and Baccalaureate (Bachillerato) in publicly funded schools. This plan includes teacher support to provide more personalized attention, more resources for schools, and extracurricular lessons. The programme will be implemented for reading comprehension reinforcement from the first year of Primary Education to Baccalaureate and, for mathematics, from the third year of Primary Education to Baccalaureate, including Basic Vocational Training.

As per the funding for this programme, specifics are yet to be finalised pending the negotiation of the State General Budgets. However, government sources have indicated that this educational measure will be supported by substantial funding. "The budget will be as ambitious as the goal," stated the Minister of Education, Vocational Training and Sports.

Code School 4.0 Program – School Year 2023/2024

In December 2023, the Agreement of the Sectorial Conference on Education was published, approving the territorial distribution proposal and distribution criteria for the credits managed by autonomous communities, and destined for the Code School 4.0 Programme in the budgetary year 2023, totalling 1 600 000.00 euros.

The recipients of this programme are teachers who provide education in the second cycle of Early Childhood and Primary Education, as regulated by Law 2/2006 on Education (LOE), amended by Law 3/2020 (LOMLOE), and their students. Depending on the support needs expressed by the teaching staff, it may be extended to publicly funded schools that offer Secondary Education, provided the support needs of schools offering the second cycle of Early Childhood and Primary Education have been met.

The general goal is to implement the necessary mechanisms and processes to spread and facilitate the development of digital skills related to computational thinking and programming for both teachers and students in publicly funded schools.

The specific objectives of the Programme are:

  • To improve the digital skills of students, especially those related to computational thinking and programming.
  • To implement digital skills in the classroom, especially those related to computational thinking and programming, through teacher training, support, and the development of digital educational resources.
  • To provide schools with the necessary equipment to develop students' digital skills, especially those related to computational thinking and programming.