University education

Universities are regulated by the provisions established in Organic Law 2/2023 on the University System (LOSU).

The initial training of university teaching staff in Spain may vary according to the university and the type of position desired, but it generally involves obtaining a doctoral degree and specific training in university teaching that the universities themselves must guarantee in accordance with articles 6.4 and 67 of the LOSU.

Therefore, the model of initial teacher training is a consecutive one. Firstly, prospective university teachers receive general education on specific subjects, both in the university degree (University degree/Bachelor's degree) and in the chosen Master's degree and, secondly, they acquire specific training in research (doctoral degree). 

The institutions where future university teachers receive their initial training are the universities or other units competent in terms of research. The institutions can be public or private.

There are different types of contracts for university teaching and research staff. Detailed information on the various contractual categories, as well as their requirements, duration and characteristics, can be found in the section Conditions of service for academic staff working in higher education.

Non-university higher education

The qualifications required for teachers who deliver instruction in advanced vocational training courses, advanced artistic education, professional studies in plastic arts and design, and advanced sports education are regulated in Chapter II of Organic Law 2/2006 on Education (LOE), amended by Organic Law 3/2020 on Education (LOMLOE). In order to teach in these different areas, it is also necessary to have the pedagogical and didactic training established by the Government for each type of education. This initial training is similar to that required for teachers who deliver instruction in Compulsory Secondary Education, Bachillerato, Intermediate Vocational Training, and Specialised Education.