The minimum requirements regarding initial training of the teachers depend on the teaching position that prospective teachers are intending to occupy.

In higher education, teaching positions are as follows:

• Assistant lecturer (asistent universitar)
• Lecturer (lector universitar/sef de lucrãri)
• Associate professor (conferenţiar universitar)
• Professor (profesor universitar).

In higher education, the research positions are:

• research assistant
• researcher (equivalent to the position of university assistant with a doctoral degree)
• 3rd degree researcher (equivalent to the position of university lecturer)
• 2nd degree researcher (equivalent to the position of associate professor)
• 1st grade scientific researcher (equivalent to the position of university professor).

The minimum initial training requirements for each teaching position are as follows:

For the position of assistant lecturer:

• the person must hold a doctoral degree or be enrolled in a doctoral study program, without exceeding the maximum period of study, which includes extensions admissible according to law, as well as,
• fulfilling the standards of occupying the teaching positions, specific to the position, approved by the university senate, without imposing any conditions of seniority, according to the law. 

The university assistant without a doctorate, but enrolled in a doctoral program, may be employed with a fixed-term employment contract, until the completion of doctoral studies, but not more than 6 years.

For the position of university lecturer - holding a doctoral diploma; meeting the standards of occupation of the teaching positions, specific to the position, approved by the university senate, without imposing any conditions of seniority, according to the law.

For the position of associate professor - holding a doctoral degree; meeting the minimum standards for the position of university lecturer, approved standards developed by the National Council for Certification of University Titles, Diplomas and Certificates (CNATDCU); meeting the standards of occupying the teaching positions, specific to the position, approved by the university senate, without imposing any conditions of seniority, according to the law.

For the position of professor - holding a doctoral diploma; holding the title of doctoral supervisor; meeting the minimum standards for the position of university lecturer, approved standards developed by the National Council for the Certification of University Titles, Diplomas and Certificates (CNATDCU); meeting the standards of occupying the teaching positions, specific to the position, approved by the university senate, without imposing any conditions of seniority, according to the law.

According to the Order of the Minister of Education No. 6753/05.12.2023 for the approval of the Methodology regarding the automatic recognition, by higher education institutions, of teaching positions in university education obtained in accredited higher education institutions abroad, higher education institutions recognize teaching positions in university education obtained in accredited higher education institutions abroad.

The institutions involved in fulfilling the provisions of the order are:

• The National Center for Recognition and Equivalence of Diplomas,
• The General Directorate of Higher Education,
• The National Commission for Attestation of University Titles, Diplomas and Certificates,
• Higher Education Institutions.