This chapter provides a thematic and chronological overview of national reforms and policy developments since 2021.
The introduction of the chapter describes the overall education strategy and the key objectives across the whole education system. It also looks at how the education reform process is organised and who are the main actors in the decision-making process.
BiH consists of two entities (Republika Srpska and Federation of BiH) and Brcko district of BiH.
The education sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina reflects the state constitution. It is defined by the BiH Constitution, the constitutions of the entities, cantons, and the Statute of Brčko District of BiH, which govern legal competencies in education.
In Belgium, the three communities are responsible for education, with the following exceptions:
No new reforms for the time being.
Reduction of school attendance costs
The government plans to reduce school attendance costs for secondary school pupils. This is intended to relieve the financial burden on East Belgian families. To this end, it is introducing annual subsidies of 100 euros per secondary school pupil, so that from September schools will no longer charge parents for copies, the diary and the issue of the school-leaving certificate.
Homework reform
In Belgium the Communities are responsible for education, with the exception of three competences which remained a federal matter :
In Belgium the Communities are responsible for education, with the exception of three competences which remained a federal matter:
Schools for mainstream pre-primary education will receive extra financial support for non-native preschoolers for school year 2022-2023. A school is entitled to 950 euros of additional support:
