Organisation of time

This report provides information on the start of the school year and its length, as well as the timing and length of school holidays. It covers both primary and general secondary education.

The information is available for the 37 countries participating in the EU's Erasmus+ programme (27 Member States, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Switzerland, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Norway, Serbia and Türkiye).

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Schools and pupils across Europe were heavily affected by the measures taken by various authorities to limit the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. While complete school closures were rather rare and of relatively short duration, the rapid shift to distance or blended learning revealed large differences in the levels of digitalisation between countries as well as the digital capacities of schools, teachers and learners.

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The academic calendar shows national data on how the academic year is structured (beginning of the academic year, term times, holidays and examination periods). Differences between university and non-university study programmes are also highlighted. The information is available for 37 countries.

Full version EN

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Increasing achievement and motivation in mathematics and science learning in schools.

In our fast-changing and technology-driven societies, education in mathematics and science is crucial for ensuring that children and young people have the necessary skills, knowledge and mind-set to be responsible and active citizens.

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Full version EN

Do you wonder how the academic calendar is structured this year, especially after COVID19 hugely impacted our higher education systems?

This publication, based on national data, gives accurate information on the beginning of the academic year, term times, holidays and examination periods.

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