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Eurydice

EACEA National Policies Platform:Eurydice
Validation of non-formal and informal learning in higher education in Europe

Comparative Reports

Validation of non-formal and informal learning in higher education in Europe

30 April 2024

This Eurydice report investigates whether and to what extent higher education systems across Europe recognise and validate learning outcomes from non-formal and informal learning. Building on EU steering documents and objectives set within the Bologna Process, the report examines the validation of non-formal and informal learning as (1) an alternative access route to education and (2) a way to fulfil higher education study requirements. Additionally, the report looks at (3) the types of learning activity that can be validated and (4) the quality assurance mechanisms underpinning validation practice. The report covers 37 education systems that are part of the Eurydice Network and includes qualitative data for the 2023/2024 academic year.

Latest Comparative Reports

National strategies to tackle absenteeism and early leaving from education and training - 2024/2025

03 December 2025

This paper examines policies and measures implemented across 37 European education systems to address absenteeism and reduce early leaving from education and training (ELET), based on the Eurydice System-level indicators on ELET 2024/2025. It outlines key strategies, including early warning systems, actions to address student absenteeism, individual education plans for at-risk learners, and teacher training...

Academic staff in Europe – 2025

19 November 2025

Academic staff are indispensable to the higher education system, playing a pivotal role in delivering quality education, fostering innovation, and driving economic growth. This report on “Academic Staff in Europe” delves into the modern dynamics of the academic profession, aiming to inform policymakers, researchers, and educational institutions in developing effective strategies for sustainable career paths...

Entrepreneurship education at school in Europe - 2025

23 October 2025

Entrepreneurship is one of the eight key competences for lifelong learning defined at European level. It empowers young individuals to navigate the complexities of an ever-evolving world, fostering innovation and equipping them with the skills necessary to tackle economic, social, and environmental challenges. The report explores policy frameworks, curriculum integration, teacher training, and practical entrepreneurial...

Addressing underachievement in literacy, mathematics and science: Policy changes in European school education since 2020

16 October 2025

Every student in Europe should have the chance to master the basic skills that open doors to learning, new opportunities, and a confident future. Literacy, mathematics, science, digital skills and citizenship are more than school subjects – they are the foundations of lifelong learning, employability, civic participation and personal growth. However, recent international assessments reveal...